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Last data update: 2014.03.03

R: Cleveland's Dot Plots

PlotDot

R Documentation

Cleveland's Dot Plots

Description

Draw a Cleveland dot plot. This is an extended version of dotchart with an added option for error bars and an add argument.

Usage

PlotDot(x, labels = NULL, groups = NULL, gdata = NULL,
        cex = par("cex"), pch = 21, gpch = 21, bg = par("bg"),
        color = par("fg"), gcolor = par("fg"), lcolor = "gray",
        xlim = NULL, main = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL,
        add = FALSE, args.errbars = NULL, ...)

Arguments

`x`	either a vector or matrix of numeric values (`NA`s are allowed). If `x` is a matrix the overall plot consists of juxtaposed dotplots for each row. Inputs which satisfy `is.numeric(x)` but not `is.vector(x) \|\| is.matrix(x)` are coerced by `as.numeric`, with a warning.
`labels`	a vector of labels for each point. For vectors the default is to use `names(x)` and for matrices the row labels `dimnames(x)[[1]]`.
`groups`	an optional factor indicating how the elements of `x` are grouped. If `x` is a matrix, `groups` will default to the columns of `x`.
`gdata`	data values for the groups. This is typically a summary such as the median or mean of each group.
`cex`	the character size to be used. Setting `cex` to a value smaller than one can be a useful way of avoiding label overlap. Unlike many other graphics functions, this sets the actual size, not a multiple of `par("cex")`.
`pch`	the plotting character or symbol to be used.
`gpch`	the plotting character or symbol to be used for group values.
`bg`	the background color of plotting characters or symbols to be used; use `par(bg= *)` to set the background color of the whole plot.
`color`	the color(s) to be used for points and labels.
`gcolor`	the single color to be used for group labels and values.
`lcolor`	the color(s) to be used for the horizontal lines.
`xlim`	horizontal range for the plot, see `plot.window`, e.g.
`main`	overall title for the plot, see `title`.
`xlab, ylab`	axis annotations as in `title`.
`add`	logical specifying if bars should be added to an already existing plot; defaults to `FALSE`.
`args.errbars`	optional arguments for adding error bars. All arguments for `ErrBars` can be supplied. If left to NULL (default), no error bars will be plotted.
`...`	graphical parameters can also be specified as arguments.

Details

This function is invoked for its side effect, which is to produce two variants of dotplots as described in Cleveland (1985).

Dot plots are a reasonable substitute for bar plots.

Value

Return the y-values used for plotting.

Author(s)

R-Core with some extensions by Andri Signorell <andri@signorell.net>

References

Becker, R. A., Chambers, J. M. and Wilks, A. R. (1988) The New S Language. Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole.

Cleveland, W. S. (1985) The Elements of Graphing Data. Monterey, CA: Wadsworth.

Murrell, P. (2005) R Graphics. Chapman & Hall/CRC Press.

Examples

PlotDot(VADeaths, main = "Death Rates in Virginia - 1940")
op <- par(xaxs = "i")  # 0 -- 100%
PlotDot(t(VADeaths), xlim = c(0,100),
         main = "Death Rates in Virginia - 1940")
par(op)

# add some error bars
PlotDot(VADeaths, main="Death Rates in Virginia - 1940", col="red", pch=NA,
        args.errbars = list(from=VADeaths-2, to=VADeaths+2, mid=VADeaths,
        pch=21, cex=1.4))

# add some other values
PlotDot(VADeaths+3, pch=15, col="blue", add=TRUE, labels=NA)

# same as PlotDotCI
xci <- do.call(rbind, tapply( d.pizza$delivery_min, d.pizza$driver,
               MeanCI, conf.level=0.99, na.rm=TRUE))

PlotDot(xci[,1], main="delivery_min ~ driver",
        args.errbars = list(from=xci[,2], to=xci[,3], mid=xci[,1],
        lwd=2, pch=21, col="grey40", bg.pch="grey50", col.pch="black"),
        xlim=c(15,35), panel.before=grid())

# with group data
x <- with(d.pizza, tapply(temperature, list(area, driver), mean, na.rm=TRUE))

PlotDot(x, gdata = tapply(d.pizza$temperature, d.pizza$driver, mean, na.rm=TRUE),
        gpch = 15)

# special format
par(lend=1)

PlotDot(VADeaths, main="Death Rates in Virginia - 1940", pch=NA, lcolor = hecru,
        args.errbars = list(from=VADeaths-2, to=VADeaths+2, mid=VADeaths,
                            pch="|", col.pch=hred, cex=1.3, lwd=8, code=0, col=hgreen))

# Error bars for binomial confidence intervals
tab <- table(d.pizza$driver, d.pizza$wine_delivered)
xci <- SetRowNames(BinomCI(tab[,1], rowSums(tab)), rownames(tab))
PlotDot(xci[,1], main="wine delivered ~ driver ", xlim=c(0,1),
        args.errbars=list(from=xci[,-1], mid=xci[,1], pch=21))


# Error bars for confidence intervals for means
xci <- do.call(rbind, tapply(d.pizza$delivery_min, d.pizza$driver,
  MeanCI, conf.level=0.99, na.rm=TRUE))

PlotDot(xci[,1], main="delivery_min ~ driver",
  args.errbars=list(from=xci[,-1]))

# Setting the colours
PlotDot(VADeaths, main="This should only show how to set the colours, not be pretty",
        col=c("red", "blue"), pch=NA, gcolor = "green", lcolor = "orange",
        args.errbars = list(from=VADeaths-2, to=VADeaths+2, mid=VADeaths,
                          pch=21, cex=1.4, col="blue", col.pch="green", bg.pch="red"))

Results


R version 3.3.1 (2016-06-21) -- "Bug in Your Hair"
Copyright (C) 2016 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)

R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.

R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.

Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.

> library(DescTools)
> png(filename="/home/ddbj/snapshot/RGM3/R_CC/result/DescTools/PlotDot.Rd_%03d_medium.png", width=480, height=480)
> ### Name: PlotDot
> ### Title: Cleveland's Dot Plots
> ### Aliases: PlotDot
> ### Keywords: hplot
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> PlotDot(VADeaths, main = "Death Rates in Virginia - 1940")
> op <- par(xaxs = "i")  # 0 -- 100%
> PlotDot(t(VADeaths), xlim = c(0,100),
+          main = "Death Rates in Virginia - 1940")
> par(op)
> 
> # add some error bars
> PlotDot(VADeaths, main="Death Rates in Virginia - 1940", col="red", pch=NA,
+         args.errbars = list(from=VADeaths-2, to=VADeaths+2, mid=VADeaths,
+         pch=21, cex=1.4))
> 
> # add some other values
> PlotDot(VADeaths+3, pch=15, col="blue", add=TRUE, labels=NA)
> 
> # same as PlotDotCI
> xci <- do.call(rbind, tapply( d.pizza$delivery_min, d.pizza$driver,
+                MeanCI, conf.level=0.99, na.rm=TRUE))
> 
> PlotDot(xci[,1], main="delivery_min ~ driver",
+         args.errbars = list(from=xci[,2], to=xci[,3], mid=xci[,1],
+         lwd=2, pch=21, col="grey40", bg.pch="grey50", col.pch="black"),
+         xlim=c(15,35), panel.before=grid())
> 
> # with group data
> x <- with(d.pizza, tapply(temperature, list(area, driver), mean, na.rm=TRUE))
> 
> PlotDot(x, gdata = tapply(d.pizza$temperature, d.pizza$driver, mean, na.rm=TRUE),
+         gpch = 15)
> 
> # special format
> par(lend=1)
> 
> PlotDot(VADeaths, main="Death Rates in Virginia - 1940", pch=NA, lcolor = hecru,
+         args.errbars = list(from=VADeaths-2, to=VADeaths+2, mid=VADeaths,
+                             pch="|", col.pch=hred, cex=1.3, lwd=8, code=0, col=hgreen))
> 
> # Error bars for binomial confidence intervals
> tab <- table(d.pizza$driver, d.pizza$wine_delivered)
> xci <- SetRowNames(BinomCI(tab[,1], rowSums(tab)), rownames(tab))
> PlotDot(xci[,1], main="wine delivered ~ driver ", xlim=c(0,1),
+         args.errbars=list(from=xci[,-1], mid=xci[,1], pch=21))
> 
> 
> # Error bars for confidence intervals for means
> xci <- do.call(rbind, tapply(d.pizza$delivery_min, d.pizza$driver,
+   MeanCI, conf.level=0.99, na.rm=TRUE))
> 
> PlotDot(xci[,1], main="delivery_min ~ driver",
+   args.errbars=list(from=xci[,-1]))
> 
> # Setting the colours
> PlotDot(VADeaths, main="This should only show how to set the colours, not be pretty",
+         col=c("red", "blue"), pch=NA, gcolor = "green", lcolor = "orange",
+         args.errbars = list(from=VADeaths-2, to=VADeaths+2, mid=VADeaths,
+                           pch=21, cex=1.4, col="blue", col.pch="green", bg.pch="red"))
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> dev.off()
null device 
          1 
>