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Last data update: 2014.03.03

R: Sort Data

sort.data.frame

R Documentation

Sort Data

Description

Sorts a data frame

Usage

## S3 method for class 'data.frame'
sort(x, decreasing, by, ...)

Arguments

`x`	A `data.frame` to be sorted
`decreasing`	unused
`by`	A character, a one sided formula, or an expression indicating the sorting order
`...`	further arguments

Details

If by is a formula, or a character vector coerce-able into a formula, x is sorted by each element of the formula, with ties broken by subsequent elements. Elements preceded by a '-' indicate descending order, otherwise ascending order is used. Parentheses or any formula operator other than + and - are ignored, so sorting by a*b will sort based on the product of a and b.

If by is not a formula, a ~ is appended to the left hand side of the call, and coerced into a formula.

The decreasing argument is included for generic method consistency, and is not used.

Value

returns x, sorted.

Author(s)

Ian Fellows adapted from code by Ari Friedman and Kevin Wright

Examples

data(mtcars)

#sort by the number of cylenders
sort(mtcars, by= ~cyl)
sort(mtcars, by= cyl) #identical: no need for ~

#sort in descending order
sort(mtcars, by= -cyl)

#break ties with horse power
sort(mtcars,by= cyl +hp )
sort(mtcars,by= cyl -hp )

#randomly permute the data
sort(mtcars,by= rnorm(nrow(mtcars)) )

#reverse order
sort(mtcars,by= nrow(mtcars):1 )

#sort by squared deviation from mean hp
sort(mtcars,by= -(hp-mean(hp))^2 )
sort(mtcars,by= "-(hp-mean(hp))^2" ) #identical

Results


R version 3.3.1 (2016-06-21) -- "Bug in Your Hair"
Copyright (C) 2016 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)

R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.

R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.

Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.

> library(Deducer)
Loading required package: ggplot2
Loading required package: JGR
Loading required package: rJava
Loading required package: JavaGD
Loading required package: iplots

Please type JGR() to launch console. Platform specific launchers (.exe and .app) can also be obtained at http://www.rforge.net/JGR/files/.


Loading required package: car
Loading required package: MASS


Note Non-JGR console detected:
	Deducer is best used from within JGR (http://jgr.markushelbig.org/).
	To Bring up GUI dialogs, type deducer().

> png(filename="/home/ddbj/snapshot/RGM3/R_CC/result/Deducer/sort.data.frame.Rd_%03d_medium.png", width=480, height=480)
> ### Name: sort.data.frame
> ### Title: Sort Data
> ### Aliases: sort.data.frame
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(mtcars)
> 
> #sort by the number of cylenders
> sort(mtcars, by= ~cyl)
                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb
Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1
Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2
Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2
Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1
Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2
Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1
Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1
Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1
Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2
Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2
Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2
Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4
Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4
Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1
Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1
Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4
Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4
Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6
Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2
Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4
Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3
Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4
Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4
Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4
Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2
AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2
Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4
Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2
Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4
Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8
> sort(mtcars, by= cyl) #identical: no need for ~
                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb
Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1
Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2
Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2
Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1
Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2
Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1
Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1
Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1
Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2
Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2
Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2
Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4
Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4
Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1
Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1
Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4
Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4
Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6
Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2
Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4
Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3
Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4
Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4
Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4
Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2
AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2
Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4
Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2
Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4
Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8
> 
> #sort in descending order
> sort(mtcars, by= -cyl)
                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb
Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2
Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4
Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3
Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4
Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4
Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4
Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2
AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2
Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4
Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2
Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4
Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8
Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4
Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4
Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1
Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1
Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4
Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4
Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6
Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1
Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2
Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2
Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1
Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2
Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1
Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1
Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1
Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2
Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2
Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2
> 
> #break ties with horse power
> sort(mtcars,by= cyl +hp )
                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb
Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2
Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2
Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1
Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1
Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1
Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2
Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1
Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2
Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1
Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2
Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2
Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1
Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4
Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4
Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1
Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4
Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4
Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6
Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2
AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2
Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2
Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2
Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3
Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4
Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4
Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4
Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4
Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4
Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4
Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8
> sort(mtcars,by= cyl -hp )
                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb
Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2
Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2
Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1
Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2
Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1
Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2
Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1
Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1
Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1
Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2
Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2
Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6
Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4
Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4
Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4
Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4
Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1
Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1
Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8
Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4
Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4
Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4
Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4
Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4
Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4
Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3
Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2
Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2
Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2
AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2
> 
> #randomly permute the data
> sort(mtcars,by= rnorm(nrow(mtcars)) )
                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb
Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6
Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4
Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1
Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4
Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4
Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4
Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1
Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8
Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1
Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1
Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2
Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2
Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2
Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4
Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2
Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2
Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4
Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2
Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1
Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4
Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3
Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4
Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3
Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4
Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2
Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2
AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2
Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4
Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2
Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3
Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1
Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1
> 
> #reverse order
> sort(mtcars,by= nrow(mtcars):1 )
                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb
Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2
Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8
Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6
Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4
Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2
Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2
Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1
Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2
Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4
AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2
Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2
Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1
Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1
Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2
Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1
Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4
Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4
Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4
Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3
Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4
Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4
Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2
Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2
Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4
Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1
Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2
Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1
Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1
Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4
Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4
> 
> #sort by squared deviation from mean hp
> sort(mtcars,by= -(hp-mean(hp))^2 )
                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb
Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8
Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4
Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4
Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4
Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2
Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2
Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4
Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1
Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1
Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1
Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4
Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4
Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2
Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1
Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2
Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1
Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1
Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2
Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4
Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4
Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1
Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2
Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3
Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2
Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2
Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6
Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4
Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4
Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2
AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2
> sort(mtcars,by= "-(hp-mean(hp))^2" ) #identical
                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb
Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8
Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4
Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4
Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4
Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2
Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2
Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4
Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1
Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1
Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1
Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4
Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4
Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2
Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1
Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2
Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1
Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1
Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2
Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4
Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4
Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1
Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2
Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3
Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3
Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2
Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2
Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6
Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4
Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4
Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2
AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> dev.off()
null device 
          1 
>