Last data update: 2014.03.03
R: Body Temperature Series of Beaver 1
Body Temperature Series of Beaver 1
Description
Reynolds (1994) describes a small part of a study of the long-term
temperature dynamics of beaver Castor canadensis in
north-central Wisconsin. Body temperature was measured by telemetry
every 10 minutes for four females, but data from a one period of less
than a day for each of two animals is used there.
Usage
beav1
Format
The beav1
data frame has 114 rows and 4 columns.
This data frame contains the following columns:
day
Day of observation (in days since the beginning of 1990),
December 12–13.
time
Time of observation, in the form 0330
for 3.30am.
temp
Measured body temperature in degrees Celsius.
activ
Indicator of activity outside the retreat.
Note
The observation at 22:20 is missing.
Source
P. S. Reynolds (1994) Time-series analyses of beaver body temperatures.
Chapter 11 of
Lange, N., Ryan, L., Billard, L., Brillinger, D., Conquest, L.
and Greenhouse, J. eds (1994) Case Studies in Biometry. New
York: John Wiley and Sons.
References
Venables, W. N. and Ripley, B. D. (2002)
Modern Applied Statistics with S. Fourth edition. Springer.
See Also
beav2
Examples
beav1 <- within(beav1,
hours <- 24*(day-346) + trunc(time/100) + (time%%100)/60)
plot(beav1$hours, beav1$temp, type="l", xlab="time",
ylab="temperature", main="Beaver 1")
usr <- par("usr"); usr[3:4] <- c(-0.2, 8); par(usr=usr)
lines(beav1$hours, beav1$activ, type="s", lty=2)
temp <- ts(c(beav1$temp[1:82], NA, beav1$temp[83:114]),
start = 9.5, frequency = 6)
activ <- ts(c(beav1$activ[1:82], NA, beav1$activ[83:114]),
start = 9.5, frequency = 6)
acf(temp[1:53])
acf(temp[1:53], type = "partial")
ar(temp[1:53])
act <- c(rep(0, 10), activ)
X <- cbind(1, act = act[11:125], act1 = act[10:124],
act2 = act[9:123], act3 = act[8:122])
alpha <- 0.80
stemp <- as.vector(temp - alpha*lag(temp, -1))
sX <- X[-1, ] - alpha * X[-115,]
beav1.ls <- lm(stemp ~ -1 + sX, na.action = na.omit)
summary(beav1.ls, cor = FALSE)
rm(temp, activ)
Results
R version 3.3.1 (2016-06-21) -- "Bug in Your Hair"
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> library(MASS)
> png(filename="/home/ddbj/snapshot/RGM3/R_CC/result/MASS/beav1.Rd_%03d_medium.png", width=480, height=480)
> ### Name: beav1
> ### Title: Body Temperature Series of Beaver 1
> ### Aliases: beav1
> ### Keywords: datasets
>
> ### ** Examples
>
> beav1 <- within(beav1,
+ hours <- 24*(day-346) + trunc(time/100) + (time%%100)/60)
> plot(beav1$hours, beav1$temp, type="l", xlab="time",
+ ylab="temperature", main="Beaver 1")
> usr <- par("usr"); usr[3:4] <- c(-0.2, 8); par(usr=usr)
> lines(beav1$hours, beav1$activ, type="s", lty=2)
> temp <- ts(c(beav1$temp[1:82], NA, beav1$temp[83:114]),
+ start = 9.5, frequency = 6)
> activ <- ts(c(beav1$activ[1:82], NA, beav1$activ[83:114]),
+ start = 9.5, frequency = 6)
>
> acf(temp[1:53])
> acf(temp[1:53], type = "partial")
> ar(temp[1:53])
Call:
ar(x = temp[1:53])
Coefficients:
1
0.8222
Order selected 1 sigma^2 estimated as 0.01011
> act <- c(rep(0, 10), activ)
> X <- cbind(1, act = act[11:125], act1 = act[10:124],
+ act2 = act[9:123], act3 = act[8:122])
> alpha <- 0.80
> stemp <- as.vector(temp - alpha*lag(temp, -1))
> sX <- X[-1, ] - alpha * X[-115,]
> beav1.ls <- lm(stemp ~ -1 + sX, na.action = na.omit)
> summary(beav1.ls, cor = FALSE)
Call:
lm(formula = stemp ~ -1 + sX, na.action = na.omit)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-0.21317 -0.04317 0.00683 0.05483 0.37683
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
sX 36.85587 0.03922 939.833 < 2e-16 ***
sXact 0.25400 0.03930 6.464 3.37e-09 ***
sXact1 0.17096 0.05100 3.352 0.00112 **
sXact2 0.16202 0.05147 3.148 0.00215 **
sXact3 0.10548 0.04310 2.448 0.01605 *
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Residual standard error: 0.08096 on 104 degrees of freedom
(5 observations deleted due to missingness)
Multiple R-squared: 0.9999, Adjusted R-squared: 0.9999
F-statistic: 1.81e+05 on 5 and 104 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
> rm(temp, activ)
>
>
>
>
>
> dev.off()
null device
1
>