R: Latent Trait Posterior of the One-Parameter Binary Probit...
fmodel1pp
R Documentation
Latent Trait Posterior of the One-Parameter Binary Probit Model
Description
fmodel1pp evaluates the (unnormalized) posterior density of the latent trait of a one-parameter binary probit item response model with given prior distribution, and computes the probabilities for each item and response category given the latent trait.
Usage
fmodel1pp(zeta, y, bpar, prior = dnorm, ...)
Arguments
zeta
Latent trait value.
y
Vector of length m for a single response pattern, or matrix of size s by m of a set of s item response patterns. In the latter case the posterior is computed by conditioning on the event that the response pattern is one of the s response patterns. Elements of y should be 0 or 1.
bpar
Vector of m "difficulty" parameters.
prior
Function that evaluates the prior distribution of the latent trait. The default is a standard normal distribution.
...
Additional arguments to be passed to prior.
Details
The item response model is parameterized as
P(Y_{ij} = 1|ζ_i) = Φ(ζ_i - β_j),
where where β_j is the difficulty parameter (bpar), ζ_i is the latent trait (zeta), and Φ is the distribution function of a standard normal distribution.
Value
post
The log of the unnormalized posterior distribution evaluated at zeta.
prob
Matrix of size m by 2 array of item response probabilities.
Note
This function is designed to be called by other functions in the ltbayes package, but could be useful on its own. This function calls fmodel4pp since it is a special case.
Author(s)
Timothy R. Johnson
See Also
See fmodel2pp, fmodel3pp, and fmodel4pp for related models, and fmodel1pl for the logit variant of this model.
Examples
samp <- 5000 # samples from posterior distribution
burn <- 1000 # burn-in samples to discard
beta <- -2:2 # difficulty parameters
post <- postsamp(fmodel1pp, c(1,1,0,0,0),
bpar = beta, control = list(nbatch = samp + burn))
post <- data.frame(sample = 1:samp,
zeta = post$batch[(burn + 1):(samp + burn)])
with(post, plot(sample, zeta), type = "l") # trace plot of sampled realizations
with(post, plot(density(zeta, adjust = 2))) # density estimate of posterior distribution
with(posttrace(fmodel1pp, c(1,1,0,0,0),
bpar = beta), plot(zeta, post, type = "l")) # profile of log-posterior density
information(fmodel1pp, c(1,1,0,0,0), bpar = beta) # Fisher information
with(post, mean(zeta)) # posterior mean
postmode(fmodel1pp, c(1,1,0,0,0), bpar = beta) # posterior mode
with(post, quantile(zeta, probs = c(0.025, 0.975))) # posterior credibility interval
profileci(fmodel1pp, c(1,1,0,0,0), bpar = beta) # profile likelihood confidence interval